The decrease in gibberellin content and the content of the major chemical components of the cell wall of Shidu bamboo confirmed the results of the above transcriptome. nidularia, and may play an important role in determining the phenotype of internode shortening in Shidu bamboo. A number of genes involved in the gibberellin synthesis pathway and in the synthesis of cell wall components are differentially expressed between the variant and its prototype, Ph. The anatomical observation and statistical results showed that the lateral increase of ground tissue in the inner layer of culm wall and the enlargement of vascular bundles are the anatomical essence of the wall thickening of Shidu bamboo the limited elongation of fiber cells and the decrease in the number of parenchyma cells longitudinally are probably the main causes of the shortening of its internodes. In this study, we systematically investigated the cytological characteristics and underlying mechanism of morphological variation in culms of this variant using anatomical, mathematical statistical, physiological, and genomic methods. farcta (Shidu bamboo) is a bamboo variant with stable phenotypes such as a dwarf culm with a thickened wall. However, to date, there are few reports on the mechanism of variation of these bamboo variants. Stable culm variants are valuable and important material for the study of culm development in bamboo plants. Culm sheaths were found to serve as the main local sites of auxin biosynthesis and the auxin required for internode elongation may be achieved mainly by auxin transport. ![]() Six major auxin synthesis genes, PheYUC3-1, PheYUC6-1, Phe YUC6-3, PheYUC9-1, PheYUC9-2, and PheYUC7-3, were obtained that may have regulatory roles in auxin accumulation during moso bamboo growth. In situ hybridization analysis revealed that the localization of YUCCA genes was highly consistent with the distribution of auxin. A total of 22 key genes in the YUCCA family for auxin biosynthesis were identified by genome-wide identification, and these had obvious tissue-specific and spatio-temporal expression patterns. Shoot tips had the highest auxin content, and it may be the main site of auxin biosynthesis in the early stage of rapid growth. IAA immunofluorescence localization revealed that auxin was similarly distributed in different stages of 50-cm and 300-cm bamboo shoots. We selected young tissues such as root tips, shoot tips, young culm sheaths, sheath blades, and internode divisions for local auxin biosynthesis site analysis. We studied moso bamboo ( Phyllostachys edulis ), which can grow up to 1 m/day and serves as a reference species for bamboo and other fast-growing species. ![]() The results suggested that the contribution of photosynthesis in old leaves and in new leaves of zero-year-old culms may be overlooked at the population scale, and that belowground carbon storage in Moso bamboo rhizome systems might act as buffer to stabilize the year-to-year variations in new shoot production.Īuxin plays a crucial regulatory role in higher plants, but systematic studies on the location of auxin local biosynthesis are rare in bamboo and other graminaceous plants. The simulation demonstrated that the 2-year cycle may readily disappear because of the contribution of considerable carbohydrates originating from photosynthesis in old leaves and in new leaves of zero-year-old culms, and from belowground carbon storage in roots and rhizomes. ![]() If the 2-year leaf life span causes the biennial production cycle, why are the 2-year cycles of new shoot production not observed in some periods? By constructing an age-structured population growth model that considered the Moso bamboo leaf life span, this study aimed to clarify the possible mechanisms that could suppress the 2-year cycle of new shoot production. However, 2-year cycles are not observed in all circumstances. A widely accepted explanatory hypothesis is that the 2-year leaf life span and unequal proportions of newer and older leaves in bamboo stands are the cause of the 2-year shoot production cycle. Long-term records of managed Moso bamboo forests have provided evidence for 2-year cycles of new shoot production. ![]() Hence, understanding the factors that influence productivity is important. Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) forests are utilized for food, building materials, and carbon fixation in East Asia.
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